Executive Summary

In 1933, a famous conference of world-leading urban planners and architects was held on a steamer in the Mediterranean sailing between France and Athens. The group gathered for the fourth time and was called CIAM (Congrès International d’Architecture Moderne). On the way, the architects talked a lot about the theme of ‘the functional city’. The results of this steaming conference were summarized 10 years later by the Swiss architect Le Corbusier in the Charter of Athens (La Charte d’Athènes, 1943). The charter is divided into analyses (observations) and recommendations. CIAM was fighting against the extremely dense, polluted and unhealthy situation that existed in most cities. Light, air and space were seen as the solution—as well as the segregation of transportation routes for cars and dwellings that “will rise in its own surroundings, in which it will enjoy the sunshine, clear air, and silence.” And also decisions about urban density were seen as of the utmost importance: “To determine the urban densities is to perform an administrative act heavy with consequences” (CIAM 25; recommendation).

Hence the CIAM ideas might have been right in the first place because cities were indeed too dense, polluted, noisy and unhealthy. But the CIAM solution has been too extreme, resulting in simply too much public space that is impossible to survey and maintain. Too often the ordinary people living in their beautiful and enlightened apartments in the CIAM high-rise ‘habitation machines’ are simply lost in a green ocean of public space. The result? Feelings of insecurity and fear of crime. But even worse: these neighbourhoods resulted in real crimes like robbery and violence because there simply is no surveillance and no opportunity for feelings of territoriality to flourish.

The case study of the Bijlmermeer (Amsterdam, The Netherlands) further explores this relation between CIAM low-density high rise and fear of crime, feelings of insecurity and crime. The solution was extreme and rather un-Dutch: demolishing two-thirds of the high rise at a cost of about one and a half billion euros.

Authors of this case study are: Paul van Soomeren

Download the CASE STUDY as .pdf

Executive summary 

The subject of this case study is the presentation of a network of primary and secondary schools in Belgrade which are installing video surveillance as a security measure in order to ensure security of students and other actors in a school environment. All this is happening with the support of the police, competent ministry, local self-government and other interested actors from the local community in 17 municipalities of the City of Belgrade.

Authors of this case study are: Svetlana Stanarević, Aleksandra Djukić, Aleksandra Ilić and Tamara Radić

Download the CASE STUDY as .pdf

Executive summary 

After a first exploration by the COST Action TU 1203 Core Group (October 2013) it was decided to organize a sophisticated multi stakeholder 4 days Thematic Workshop in Lisbon. The neighbourhood  Alta de Lisboa was chosen as a case study of the Action and it became a frontrunner for the organization of the COST Workshop as foreseen in the COST Action Plan.

The Workshop was held in February 2016 and the participants represented multiple backgrounds and perspectives. A split was made in two focus groups corresponding to each of the two pre-selected case study areas (Cruz Vermelha Neighbourhood and Vasco da Gama Fernandes Street). Methods in the Workshop were manifold:  e.g. field trips, interviews to residents, map analysis, group discussions, presentations.

The main goal of the Lisbon CP-UDP Workshop was to increase the technical expertise in the field of crime prevention through environmental design of a vast array of local actors and decision makers (e.g. municipality technicians and police officers). Consequently, it intended to raise bridges between planning theory and planning practice by encouraging the use of safety criteria on urban projects of municipal responsibility, thus laying the foundations for future regulations and helping to increase the sense of safety and quality of life in this neighbourhood in particular and in the city in general, with a special regard for more vulnerable social groups.

This extensive report describes the roots and backgrounds as well as the process and output and outcomes. As it was meant to be: CP-UDP in action!

Working Group Members:

Clara Cardia (Italy), Sarah Chiodi (Italy), Mónica Diniz (Portugal), Bo Grönlund (Denmark), Ana Verónica Neves (Portugal), Umberto Nicolini (Italy), Miguel Saraiva (Portugal), Paul van Soomeren (Netherlands) and François Wellhoff (France).

Report Authors

Sarah Chiodi (Italy), Mónica Diniz (Portugal), Bo Grönlund (Denmark), Ana Verónica Neves (Portugal), Umberto Nicolini (Italy), Miguel Saraiva (Portugal), Paul van Soomeren (Netherlands)

Download the Lisbon CP-UDP Workshop as .pdf

Executive summary 

The social context in Polish highrise neighbourhoods varies from one in Western Europe. This typology is not associated with social housing and the ownership of the dwellings is mixed. Moreover nearly half of the population of Poland lives in this type of real estates. Sociological research shows the subjective quality of life is descent. Nevertheless they are still considered a rather poor place to live and there are various aspects that need to be improved. Widzew is a typical example of the lay out of a 70’s and 80’s concrete highrise housing area. Many similar developments have been built during communist era in the Eastern Europe. Lots of social and urban problems meet in Widzew. There are many degenerated buildings, while new developments intrude the existing environment, obstructing social and urban structure. 

This case study was written by: Anna Janiszewska (University of Lodz), Ewa Klima (Lodz University of Technology), Lech Grabski (Lodz University of Technology) , Tobias Woldendorp (Independent CPTED Consultant).

Contributors: Additional research and compilation was undertaken by: Marta Pastuszka (Lodz University of Technology) Editorial support was provided by COST Action TU1203 Editorial Group.

This publication is substantially based on an article Improving the quality of life with CPTED method in Journal of Place Management and Development by the same authors. 

Download the CASE STUDY as .pdf

Illustration from Development Strategy Göteborg 2035. ‘Density’ is identified as the core guiding planning concept through which material as well as economic and social aspects and values of urban life are improved. (Illustration: Göteborgs stad 2014a: 16) 

Executive Summary 

In September 2015, the COST Action TU1203, Crime Prevention through Urban Design and Planning (CP-UDP), visited Gothenburg, Sweden. The theme for the visit to Gothenburg was “processes and partnerships for safety and security in urban places”. The specific focus for the visit was to what extent and how CP-UDP and CPTED approaches were implemented in various forms of collaborative endeavours, with particular focus on Gothenburg. 

Authors of this case study are: Michael Landzelius, Charlotta Thodelius, and Hans Abrahamsson

Download the CASE STUDY as .pdf

The Copenhagen Summer School trained young academics from 21 countries in the theory and practice of crime prevention through urban design and planning by a one week intense course with a specific case study, the Inner Nørrebro district in central Copenhagen. The purpose was to produce concrete analyses and proposals for improvements in the district with the best methods available. A further goal was to use the results of the Summer School to advance interest and knowledge about Crime Prevention through Urban Design & Planning in each of the participating countries.

Summer School 2015 on Crime Prevention through Urban Design_Copenhagen, 22–30 August 2015

Group 4: Rantzausgad 

Authors of this  Evaluation of the Summer School 2015: Bo Grönlund and Paul van Soomeren

Download the full Evaluation as .pdf

Executive Summary

Lyon’s situational prevention system is a pioneering policy. It is widely recognised as a leading example of its genre in France, by virtue of its innovative, multi-disciplinary nature, its partnership basis and its project-based approach. This policy provided much of the inspiration for the new law introduced in 2007 covering the whole of France. At first formalized within a partnership committee, the analysis of the safety of the projects and the equipment of the City of Lyon is broadcast little by little in the culture of the planners. Of course, it is necessary to remain watchful because this culture remains the fact of some convinced people. Today, the manners to raise the subject is to enter by a sensitive approach of the public place, by diagnoses by walking which highlight the needs for the inhabitants.

Authors of this case study are: Marie-Aude Corbillé, Gersende Franc and Michel Le Calloch

Download the CASE STUDY as .pdf

Executive Summary

The German case study is focused on examples of interdisciplinary planning for new developments and constructions in Lower Saxony. This state represents best practice for crime prevention through urban planning among the German federal states. 

The scope of the German case study contains three generations of development: 

1. Quarter Gilde Carré in Linden: Introducing CP-UDP Criteria after Building Permit in the years 2005 -2008. It was an intervention after completion of planning documents. 
2. Herrenhäuser Forum Market: Considering CP UDP Criteria in the Planning Phase in the years 2012 – 2014. It represents a new kind of cooperation between the  architect, developer and advisor on crime prevention (by police). 
3. Eichenpark Langenhagen: Primary Prevention Chain of Urban Planning since 2014; taking the criteria as a basis for all involved stakeholders before and during the building permit process. 

Through these 3 case studies, this report will show the new planning culture that has been implemented in Lower Saxony since 2005 in different phases of the design and planning process: after completion of planning documents, in the coordination phase between architects, developers and advisors on crime prevention and before and during the building permit process. 

Authors of this case study are: Prof. Dr. Herbert Schubert and PHD candidate Daniela Idrovo A. 

Download the CASE STUDY as .pdf

Executive Summary

At all times, crime has been one of the major concerns of many cities around the world. It is the basic threat faced at any level – individual, group, organizational, national, regional, or global. Nowadays, intense global competition and talent hunting hustle cities to offer a set of qualities to attract human and financial resources, such as skilled and creative professionals, smart businesses, or investors. For all of them (i.e. for all of us), public safety and security is almost equally important, and therefore, the need to ensure safety is one of the most important priorities of a city‘s local government, higher-level policy-makers, urban planners and architects, researchers, and other practitioners. 

While crime in private areas is mostly associated with social and financial factors, crime in public places has also much to do with the spatial structures surrounding it. Public transport facilities constitute an important part of a city’s spatial structure and contribute a lot to the city’s level of vitality and security. Hence, the design and management of public transport facilities are ones of the fundamental tools to inhibit crime. This is why the authors of this book contribute to increasing the safety of pedestrians at parking lots, public transport stops, bus and railway stations, and just on the streets. 

Editor in Chief: 

Irina MATIJOSAITIENE

Editorial group: 

Philippe HANOCQ, Irina MATIJOSAITIENE, Chiara SIMONETTI, Pierre VANDERSTRAETEN 

Download BOOKLET as .pdf

]]> https://www.costtu1203.eu/crime-prevention-transport-and-mobility/feed/ 0 https://www.costtu1203.eu/cooperation-in-partnerships-and-process-of-cp-udp/ https://www.costtu1203.eu/cooperation-in-partnerships-and-process-of-cp-udp/#comments Tue, 05 Sep 2017 16:43:31 +0000 http://costtu1203.eu/?p=1265 read more]]> One of the objectives of the COST action Crime Prevention through Urban Design and Planning is to produce a series of publications and make them available to a broader audience. We are happy to present this time the document entitle: “Cooperation in Partnerships and Process of CP-UDP”. You can download it directly here or by visiting the download centre and searching under “results”.

Executive Summary

This booklet on Partnership & Process summarizes the analysis made by a working group of the COST action TU 1203 of processes and partnerships for Crime Prevention through Urban Design and Planning (CP-UDP) based on several experiences in different countries. Building on the different case studies (appendix) we identified and selected the main strategies used to develop the partnerships and also the main processes used to prevent crime from a CP-UDP perspective. As we will see the two key concepts – partnerships and processes – are often interwoven.

When analysing the case studies and national reports we have taken in account the overall socio-political conditions and the culture of each country. This is important if we want to build a common knowledge base for a European CP-UDP strategy.

Authors of this booklet are: Herbert Schubert, Paul van Soomeren, Daniela Idrovo, Elad Persov, Randy Bloeme, Miguel Saraiva 

Download case study as .pdf